Summary
- A meta-analysis of 38 studies found that nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is twice as prevalent in female teenagers as it is in men in North America and Europe but not in Asia.
- Male adolescents in Asia had a higher prevalence of NSSI compared with other regions.
- NSSI is defined as deliberate self-inflicted destruction of body tissue without suicidal intent.
- The findings highlight sex- and geographic-specific factors related to NSSI prevalence among adolescents globally.
- The study suggests the need for more research to understand why NSSI prevalence varies among demographics and regions.
A meta-analysis of 38 studies conducted by Fiona Moloney, MD, found that nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is more prevalent among female teenagers in North America and Europe compared to men, but not in Asia. Male adolescents in Asia were found to have a higher prevalence of NSSI compared to other regions. NSSI is defined as deliberate self-harm without suicidal intent. The study, led by Rachel H.B. Mitchell, MD, emphasized the need for more research to understand the reasons behind the varying prevalence rates of NSSI across different demographics and regions.
The findings, published in JAMA Network Open, showed that NSSI was twice as prevalent among female adolescents in North America and Europe, but not in Asia. Mitchell highlighted the importance of developing interventions tailored to specific geographical and gender-related factors influencing NSSI behaviors among adolescents globally. Suggestions were made in an accompanying editorial to address NSSI risk globally by utilizing media platforms to identify and prevent self-harm behaviors, as well as implementing evidence-based interventions via internet and media outlets.
Scott McLeod, MD, stressed the need for understanding regional and cultural factors influencing NSSI to design appropriate interventions. Simon B. Sherry, PhD, pointed out that females are more likely to engage in NSSI, possibly due to factors such as self-image issues, mental disorders, or adverse childhood experiences. Effective treatments like dialectical behavioral therapy exist for NSSI, emphasizing the importance of seeking help if struggling with self-injury. Funding for the study was independently supported, with Mitchell disclosing financial relationships with various organizations, while McLeod and Sherry reported no relevant financial relationships.
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Psychiatry & Mental Health